Revolutionary Ideas: An Intellectual History of the French Revolution From the Rights of Man to Robespierre (152 page)

7
.  Popkin,
You Are All Free
, 39–40.

8
.  
La Chronique de Paris
2, 69 (10 March 1790), 274.

9
.  Ibid., 1, 48 (10 Oct. 1789), 234.

10
.  Ibid., 2, 15 (15 Jan. 1790), 57.

11
.  Griffiths,
Le Centre perdu
, 200–202; Piquet,
L’Émancipation
, 53–55.

12
.  Gouges,
Œuvres
, 83–87; Verdier, “From Reform,” 190.

13
.  BL Pamphlet collection R-328/7, 1–2.

14
.  Brissot,
Le Patriote français
115 (1 Dec. 1789), 4, and 117 (3 Dec. 1789), 2.

15
.  Destutt de Tracy,
Premiers écrits
, 32–33; Granié,
De l’Assemblée
, 120; Régent,
La France
, 215.

16
.  Piquet,
L’Émancipation
, 59.

17
.  Bertrand de Molleville,
Mémoires secrets
, 2:244.

18
.  
Découverte d’une conspiration
(BL R-328/10), 3–17.

19
.  
Il est encore des Aristocrates
(BL R-328/11), 5.

20
.  Ibid., 6–7.

21
.  Brissot,
Mémoires (1734–1793)
, 2:96–97; Garrigus, “Opportunist,” 11; Hunt,
Inventing Human Rights
, 163.

22
.  Destutt de Tracy,
Premiers écrits
, 72.

23
.  Montesquieu,
De L’Esprit des Lois
, vol. 3, book 7, in
Œuvres complètes
, 620; Ghachem, “Montesquieu,” 12–14; Ehrard, “Audace,” 35–38; Piquet,
L’Émancipation
, 32–35; Israel,
Democratic Enlightenment
, 423–24.

24
.  Régent,
La France
, 219.

25
.  Brissot,
Mémoires (1734–1793)
, 2:96–99; Benot,
La révolution
, 67, 77–78; Garrigus, “Vincent Ogé,” 37, 49, 52, 61.

26
.  Brissot,
Patriote français
531 (21 Jan. 1791), 84.

27
.  See J. Garran de Coulon’s essay in
La Chronique du mois
(Jan. 1792), 88–108; Griffiths,
Le Centre perdu
, 202–3; Chill,
Power
, 7–8.

28
.  Popkin,
You Are All Free
, 78.

29
.  Garrigus, “Opportunist,” 7; Klooster,
Revolutions
, 98–99.

30
.  Hunt,
Inventing Human Rights
, 160, 163–64; Popkin,
You Are All Free
, 45–46.

31
.  Benot,
La révolution
, 126–27; Régent,
La France
, 242–43; Piquet,
L’Émancipation
, 206–7; Curran,
Anatomy
, 206.

32
.  Raimond,
Réflexions
, 35–36.

33
.  Malouet,
Mémoires
, 2:195.

34
.  Girey-Duré,
Patriote français
1278 (10 Feb. 1793), 164–65.

35
.  Blackburn,
Overthrow
, 197–99, 228–29; Régent,
La France
, 243–45.

36
.  Popkin,
You Are All Free
, 210–11; 234–35, 248–49; Garrigus, “Opportunist,” 11; Hunt,
Inventing Human Rights
, 165.

37
.  Popkin,
You Are All Free
, 250–51.

38
.  Raimond,
Réflexions
, 8, 10.

39
.  Popkin,
You Are All Free
, 338, 344.

40
.  BL R-328/12. [Momoro?],
Coup d’oeil sur la question
, 5.

41
.  Ibid., 4–5, 12.

42
.  Ibid., 8.

43
.  Benot,
La révolution
, 172, 174; Piquet,
L’Émancipation
, 391–98; McPhee,
Robespierre
, 173.

44
.  Crow,
Emulation
, 160–1.

45
.  Doyle,
Oxford History
, 412; Lawday,
Giant of the French Revolution
, 240; Popkin,
You Are All Free
, 356.

46
.  Toussaint Louverture,
Lettres
, 155–58; Klooster,
Revolutions
, 106.

47
.  Toussaint Louverture,
Lettres
, 165, 172; Régent,
La France
, 249–50.

48
.  Baggio, “Toussaint Louverture,” 98–99.

49
.  Régent,
La France
, 252; Spieler, “Abolition and Reenslavement,” 136–37, 145–46.

50
.  Spieler, “Abolition and Reenslavement,” 137, 146–48.

51
.  Blackburn,
Overthrow
, 230–32.

52
.  Klooster, “Rising Expectations,” 66–67.

53
.  Aizpurua, “Revolution,” 99.

54
.  Toussaint Louverture,
Lettres
, 369–70; Blackburn,
Overthrow
, 238.

55
.  Israel,
Democratic Enlightenment
, 504–33.

56
.  Jordaan, “Patriots, privateers,” 101–3; Fulgencio López,
Juan Bautista Picornell
, 75, 80–81, 85, 88, 135.

57
.  Fulgencio López,
Juan Bautista Picornell
, 91–92.

58
.  Ibid., 73, 75.

59
.  Ibid., 35, 80, 89.

60
.  Jordaan, “Patriots, privateers,” 154–55.

61
.  Klooster, “Rising Expectations,” 59–60.

62
.  Klooster,
Revolution
, 105, 107.

CHAPTER 16

Robespierre’s Putsch (June 1793)

1
.  Dumouriez to the Convention, Louvain, 12 March 1793, in
Archives Parlementaires
, 61:40–41 (1 April 1793).

2
.  
Archives Parlementaires
, 61:44 (1 April 1793).

3
.  Ibid., 61:45 (1 April 1793).

4
.  Girey-Dupré,
Patriote français
1334 (8 April 1793), 391.

5
.  
Archives Parlementaires
, 61:16 (31 March 1793).

6
.  
Journal de Perlet
3, no. 186 (26 March), 426.

7
.  [Saint Martin],
Journal des décrets
2 (1793), 7;
Journal de Perlet
4, no. 194 (3 April 1793), 18–19.

8
.  
La Décade philosophique
2 (20 Fructidor), 303–4.

9
.  
Archives Parlementaires
, 60:603 (27 March 1793);
Journal de Perlet
3, no. 188 (28 March 1793), 443–45.

10
.  
Journal de Perlet
3, no. 187 (27 March), 435.

11
.  Robespierre,
Œuvres complètes
, 9:421.

12
.  Ibid., 9:359; Slavin,
Making
, 26–45.

13
.  
Archives Parlementaires
, 60:606–8 (27 March 1793).

14
.  Robespierre,
Œuvres complètes
, 9:378–79, 9:410–16.

15
.  
Archives Parlementaires
, 60:608 (27 March 1793).

16
.  Ibid.; Lawday,
Giant of the French Revolution
, 203.

17
.  
Archives Parlementaires
, 60:668–69 (28 March 1793).

18
.  Hébert,
Père Duchesne
229 (8 April 1793), 1–4.

19
.  Ibid., 232 (11 April 1793), 1–3, 6–7.

20
.  Wahnich,
L’impossible citoyen
17–18; Whaley,
Radicals
, 2–3.

21
.  
Journal de Perlet
4, no. 215 (24 April 1793), 188, and 216 (25 April), 199.

22
.  Robespierre,
Œuvres complètes
, 9:415–16, 421.

23
.  Ibid., 9:478, 9:526; Slavin,
Making
, 25.

24
.  Robespierre,
Œuvres complètes
, 9:359, 9:406, 9:526; BHP pamph. 957082,
Anecdotes curieuses
, 19–20; Fréron,
L’Orateur du peuple
7, no. 89 (21 Ventose Year II), 715–16; Michelet,
Histoire
, 7:218.

25
.  Girey-Dupré,
Patriote français
1356 (30 April 1793), 479–80.

26
.  
Journal de Perlet
4, no. 207 (16 April 1793), 125; Mercier,
Paris
, 1:158–59; Slavin,
Making
, 14–15.

27
.  
Journal de Perlet
4, no. 206 (15 April 1793), 113.

28
.  Robespierre,
Œuvres complètes
, 9:418;
Journal de Perlet
4 (13 April 1793); [Ferrand]
État actuel
, 4–7 (April), 98–102.

29
.  Louvet,
Mémoires
, 1:60–61, 85; Slavin, “Robespierre,” 145–46.

30
.  Fauchet,
Journal des Amis
, 1:33.

31
.  Robespierre,
Œuvres complètes
, 9:420.

32
.  
Journal de Perlet
4, no. 212 (21 April 1793) and no. 213 (22 April 1793), 163–66, 170–71; Patrick,
The Men
, 111.

33
.  Palmer,
From Jacobin to Liberal
, 26.

34
.  Lewis-Beck, “Was There a Girondist Faction?,” 526; Cobb,
The French
, 238–44; Dupuy,
La république jacobine
, 38–39; Sonenscher,
Sans-Culottes
, 2, 7–8, 57.

35
.  Gaulmier,
Un grand témoin
, 147–48.

36
.  Ibid., 149.

37
.  
Journal de Perlet
4, no. 213 (22 April 1793), 173.

38
.  Ibid., 175.

39
.  
Journal de Perlet
3, no. 188 (28 March 1793), 447.

40
.  Bellanger,
Histoire générale
, 1:503–4.

41
.  
Archives Parlementaires
, 60:700 (29 March 1793);
Journal de Perlet
3, no. 190 (30 March 1793), 459–60.

42
.  
Journal de Perlet
3, no. 191 (31 March 1793), 470.

43
.  Marat,
Œuvres politiques
, 10:1611;
Journal de Perlet
3, no. 182 (22 March 1793), 393.

44
.  
Journal de Perlet
4, no. 221 (30 April 1793) and 222 (1 May 1793), 235, 246; M. L. Kennedy,
Jacobin Clubs
, 184.

45
.  
Journal de Perlet
4, no. 243 (22 May 1793), 413.

46
.  Ibid., no. 192 (1 April 1793), 4 and 193 (2 April 1793), 15; Friedland,
Political Actors
, 189–96; Darlow,
Staging the French Revolution
, 95, 117.

47
.  Kitromilides, “Itineraries,” 9–10.

48
.  Alger, “British Colony,” 679–80; Foner,
Tom Paine
, 242.

49
.  Nelson,
Thomas Paine
, 251–52.

50
.  Ibid.

51
.  
Journal de Perlet
4, no. 230 (9 May 1793), 312.

52
.  Ibid., no. 203 (12 April 1793); Gross,
Fair Shares
, 72–73.

53
.  Darrow, “Economic Terror,” 513.

54
.  Robespierre,
Œuvres complètes
, 9:378.

55
.  Carra,
Annales patriotiques,
no. 144 (24 May 1793), 661.

56
.  Girey-Dupré,
Patriote français
1326 (31 March 1793), 361; Gough,
Newpaper Press
, 93, 96.

57
.  Guilhaumou,
Marseille
, 182–89; Scott,
Terror and Repression
, 110–15.

58
.  Girey-Dupré,
Patriote français
1357 (2 May 1793), 488;
Journal de Perlet
4, no. 242 (21 May 1793), 407.

59
.  Carra,
Annales patriotiques
139 (19 May 1793), 642; Guilhaumou,
Marseille
, 191–92; Johnson,
Midi in Revolution
, 234; Hanson,
Jacobin Republic
, 81–90.