Authors: Jonathan Israel
Tags: #History, #Europe, #France, #Revolutionary, #Modern, #18th Century, #Philosophy, #Political, #Social
78
.
Archives Parlementaires
, 67:333 (1–17 Jan. 1793);
Journal de Perlet
2, no. 118 (17 Jan. 1793) 377–79.
79
. Maslan,
Revolutionary Acts
, 186–91, 205–7.
80
. Hébert,
Père Duchesne
, 208, 4.
81
. Ibid., 7–8.
82
. Lemny,
Jean-Louis Carra
, 290.
83
.
Journal de Perlet
2, no. 102 (1 Jan. 1793), 255.
84
. Desmoulins,
Vieux Cordelier
, 75.
85
.
Archives Parlementaires
, 82:684 (4 Jan. 1794).
86
. M. L. Kennedy,
Jacobin Clubs
, 183–84.
87
. Louvet,
Mémoires
, 1:43–44.
88
. May,
Madame Roland
, 224–25; Dorigny, “Condorcet,” 338.
89
. Roland,
Memoirs
, 81–84; May,
Madame Roland
, 192, 197.
90
. Garat, “Jugement sur Mirabeau,” xi.
91
. Brissot,
Mémoires (1734–1793)
, 2:113–14.
92
. Scurr,
Fatal Purity
, 218; Culoma,
Religion civile
, 191.
93
. Feller,
Journal historique et littéraire
(Maastricht, 15 Jan., 1793), 148; Hampson,
Will and Circumstance
, 173.
94
. Gouges,
Pronostic,
in Gouges,
Œuvres
, 122; Scott,
Only Paradoxes
, 51.
95
. Hampson,
Life and Opinions
, 82–83, 98, 108, 240; McPhee,
Robespierre
, 94.
96
.
Journal de Perlet
2, no. 108 (7 Jan. 1793), 300;
Gazette nationale
, 3rd ser., no. 11 (11 Jan. 1793), 95–96.
97
. Levasseur,
Mémoires
, 1:102–3.
98
.
Archives Parlementaires
, 56:34–36 (13 Jan. 1793).
99
.
Adresse de la section Gravilliers
(4 Aug. 1792), 4–6.
100
. BN pamph. Lb 41 2728,
Lettre de Jerome Pétion aux Parisiens
, 12.
101
. Walzer,
Regicide
, 125–27; Hampson,
Saint-Just
, 84–85.
102
.
Gazette nationale
, 3rd ser., no. 19 (19 Jan. 1793), 171.
103
.
Archives Parlementaires
, 55:93 (15 Jan. 1793).
104
.
Gazette nationale
, 3rd ser., no. 4 (4 Jan. 1793), 34.
105
. Ibid., no. 2 (2 Jan. 1793), 11–13; Marat,
L’Ami du peuple
96 (12 Jan. 1793), 5457–59.
106
.
Archives Parlementaires
, 52:87 (18 Jan. 1793).
107
. Bredin,
Sieyès
, 247.
108
.
Gazette nationale
, 3rd ser., no. 19 (19 Jan. 1793), 168.
109
.
Journal de Perlet
2, no. 118 (17 Jan. 1793), 377–78 and 119 (18 Jan. 1793), 385, 389.
110
.
Gazette nationale
, 3rd ser., no. 19 (19 Jan. 1793), 173;
Journal de Perlet
2, no. 118 (17 Jan. 1793), 377–78; Patrick,
The Men
, 96–97.
111
. Lemny,
Jean-Louis Carra
, 298.
112
.
Gazette nationale
, 3rd ser., no. 20 (20 Jan. 1793), 191.
113
. Hébert,
Père Duchesne
210, 2; Mortier,
Anacharsis Cloots
, 368–69.
114
. Mercier,
Paris
, 2:205; Walzer,
Regicide
, 49–60; Bredin,
Sieyès
, 247.
115
.
Archives Parlementaires
, 57 (16 Jan. 1793).
116
. Hébert,
Père Duchesne
215 (early February 1793), 2.
117
.
Gazette nationale
, 3rd ser., no. 1 (1 Jan. 1793), 3–4.
118
.
Archives Parlementaires
, 61:14 (31 March 1793); Rose,
Gracchus Babeuf
, 129; Slavin,
French Revolution
, 129n8 and 130–32.
119
.
Archives Parlementaires
, 61:14–15 (31 March 1793); Girey-Dupré,
Patriote français
, 1327 (2 April 1793), 367.
120
. Marat,
L’Ami du peuple
, no. 142 (March 1793), 5812–16; Marat,
L’Ami du peuple
, no. 143 (11 March 1793), 5817–21.
121
. Quoted in Boursier, “L’émeute parisienne,” 211; Burstin,
Révolution
, 536–37.
122
. Girey-Dupré,
Patriote français
1307 (11 March 1793), 288–89; Louvet,
Mémoires
, 1:76–78 and 2:227–31, 239–40; Bellanger,
Histoire generale
, 1:506 Boursier, “L’émeute parisienne,” 215.
123
. Auerbach, “Politics, Protest,” 158–59.
124
. Slavin,
French Revolution
, 132; Whaley,
Radicals
, 125.
125
. Girey-Dupré,
Patriote français
1308 (13 March 1793), 297; Louvet,
Mémoires
, 2:244; Boursier, “L’émeute parisienne,” 229–30.
126
. Sonenscher,
Sans-Culottes
, 273; Whaley,
Radicals
, 124–25.
127
. BL Pamphlets 645 a 38/6 dated Paris, 14 March 1793, 4–6; Walter,
Marat
, 340, 344; Rose,
Gracchus Babeuf
, 132–33.
128
. Marat,
L’Ami du peuple
145 (15 March 1793), 5862; Burstin,
Révolution
, 362–63, 549–52.
129
. Robespierre,
Œuvres complètes
, 9:323; Girey-Dupré,
Patriote français
1356 (30 April 1793), 479–80; Levasseur,
Mémoires
, 1:116 and 2:263; Ozouf,
Festivals
, 148–49; Slavin,
Making
, 15.
130
. Louvet,
Mémoires
, 2:239–40; Boursier, “L’émeute parisienne,” 207, 210, 213, 216.
131
. M. L. Kennedy,
Jacobin Clubs
, 341–42.
CHAPTER 12
The “General Revolution” from Valmy to the Fall of Mainz (1792–93)
1
. Goethe to Herder, 27 Sept. 1792, in Herder,
Briefe
, 13:338.
2
. Mortier,
Anacharsis Cloots
, 379–81; Labbé,
Anacharsis Cloots
; Pagden,
The Enlightenment
, 127.
3
. Dumouriez,
Mémoires
, 1:5.
4
. Mortier,
Anacharsis Cloots
, 324.
5
. Ibid., 333; Bell,
First Total War
, 114, 116.
6
. Cloots,
Ni Marat, ni Roland
, 3–4;
Journal de Perlet
3, no. 181 (21 March 1793), 385; Buel,
Joel Barlow
, 158–59.
7
.
La Chronique de Paris
, no. 216 (4 Aug. 1791), 871.
8
. Mortier,
Anacharsis Cloots
, 360; Rosendaal,
Bataven!
, 358–66; Rosendaal,
Nederlandse Revolutie
, 83–93; Cottebrune,
Mythe et réalité, 130–61.
9
. Forster,
Werke, Sämtliche Schriften,
17:213–14, 216; Blanning,
Reform and Revolution
, 276; Wegert,
German Radicals
, 19–21.
10
. Voss, “Die Kurpfalz im Zeichen,” 16–19.
11
. Klopstock,
Werke
8, no. 2, 970–71.
12
.
Journal de Perlet
2, no. 72 (2 Dec. 1792), 9–10; Mathy, “Anton Joseph Dorsch,” 18–20.
13
. Forster,
Werke, Sämtliche Schriften,
17:284–85, 308–10.
14
. Wedekind,
Der Patriot
, vol. 1/A, 3; Blanning,
Reform and Revolution
, 276–77.
15
. Wedekind,
Der Patriot
, vol. 1/A, 12–14.
16
. Ibid., 5–20.
17
. Wedekind,
Der Patriot
, vol. 1/C, 2–3.
18
. Blanning,
Reform and Revolution
, 277–78.
19
. BL 643/4 Revolution Tracts: Condorcet, “Aux Germains,” 6, 23–24.
20
. Ibid., “Adresse aux Bataves,” 4–5.
21
. Ibid., “Avis aux espagnols,” 9–10, 16–17.
22
.
Journal de Perlet
1, no. 63 (23 Nov. 1792), 504; Kossmann,
Low Countries
, 68.
23
. Feller,
Journal historique et littéraire
1 (1 Jan. 1793), 77–79.
24
. Ibid. (15 Jan. 1793), 154.
25
. Ibid. (1 March 1793), 396–97.
26
.
Gazette nationale
, 3rd ser., 1 (1 Jan. 1793), 1.
27
. Ibid., 2, no. 20 (20 Jan. 1793), 177.
28
. Ibid., 2, no. 15 (15 Jan. 1793), 125–26.
29
. Ibid., 2, no. 6 (6 Jan. 1793).
30
. Feller,
Journal historique et littéraire
1 (1 April 1793), 552.
31
.
Journal de Perlet
, no. 79 (9 Dec. 1792), 71; Dumouriez,
Mémoires
, 1:22–23; Godechot,
Counter-Revolution
, 167–68.
32
. Feller,
Journal historique et littéraire
1 (15 March 1793), 466–67.
33
.
Neue Mainzer Zeitung
, no. 24 (24 Feb. 1793), in Forster,
Werke, Sämtliche Schriften
, 10:345.
34
. Hansen,
Quellen zur Geschichte
, 2:63.
35
. Ibid., 2:277–78, 313–14.
36
. Losfeld,
Philanthropisme
, 147–48.
37
. Hansen,
Quellen zur Geschichte
, 2:710–11.
38
. Ibid., 2:694–96, 710.
39
. Weber,
Georg Christian Gottlieb Wedekind
, 65–67.
40
. Hansen,
Quellen zur Geschichte
, 2:713–14.
41
. Ibid., 2:743–45.
42
. Dupuy, “Le Roi,” 198.
43
. Feller,
Journal historique et littéraire
1 (15 Jan. 1793), 152.
44
. Ibid., 151.
45
. Ibid. (15 March 1793), 407–15.
46
. Gibbon,
Memoirs of My Life
, 283, 289; Spurr, “Gibbon et la révolution,” 272.
47
. Gibbon,
Memoirs of My Life
, 266, 270, 275.
48
. Ibid., 286–88.
49
.
Gazette nationale,
3rd ser., 2, no. 18 (18 Jan. 1793), 154;
Journal de Perlet
2, no. 92 (22 Dec. 1792), 176, and no. 96 (26 Dec. 1792), 205;
Neue Mainzer Zeitung
13 (29 Jan. 1793), in Forster,
Werke, Sämtliche Schriften
, 10:263.
50
. Gibbon,
Memoirs of My Life
, 286–87; Spurr, “Gibbon et la révolution,” 272–73.
51
. Gibbon,
Memoirs of My Life
, 292; Spurr, “Gibbon et la révolution,” 273.
52
. Gibbon,
Memoirs of My Life
, 292.
53
. Cottebrune,
Mythe et réalité
, 186, 188, 194.
54
. Beretti,
Pascal Paoli
, 24.
55
.
La Chronique de Paris
2, no. 218 (6 Aug. 1790), 870.
56
. “Extrait d’une lettres de Bastia en Corse,” in
La Chronique de Paris
2, no. 218 (6 Aug. 1790), 870.
57
. Beretti,
Pascal Paoli
, 247.
58
. Casta, “Clergé corse,” 17–18.
59
. Volney,
Œuvres
, 1:631–32, 634; Gaulmier,
Un grand témoin
, 137–38.
60
. Michaud,
La Quotidienne,
no. 298 (5 July 1793), 726.
61
. Girey-Dupré,
Patriote français
1328 (2 April 1793), 370.
62
. Knigge,
Ausgewählte Werke
, 10:107.
63
. Ibid., 10:108;
Journal de Perlet 2
, no. 100 (30 Dec. 1792), 238.