Revolutionary Ideas: An Intellectual History of the French Revolution From the Rights of Man to Robespierre (187 page)

Malouet, Pierre Victor, baron (1740–1814), monarchist political leader,
79
,
96
–
97
,
108
,
111
,
116
,
129
,
146
,
149
,
151
,
210
,
212
,
257
,
553
,
723
; and Caribbean planters,
404
–
5

Malta, French occupation (1798–1800),
662
–
63

Mandar, Théophile (Michel-Philippe) (1759–1823), republican revolutionary theorist,
29
,
60
,
64
–
65
,
101
,
169
,
252
;
Des Insurrections: Ouvrage philosophique et politique
(1793),
263
,
272
,
288

Mannheim Jacobins.
See
Germany
: and Jacobin clubs

Manuel, Louis-Pierre (1751–93), republican publicist and minister,
112
,
143
–
44
,
150
,
223
,
251
,
272
–
73
,
275
,
279
,
295
,
298
,
309
,
448
,
450
,
458
,
531
,
723
; denounced by the Paris sansculottes,
295
–
96
,
515

Marat, Jean-Paul (1744–93), Swiss populist and Montagnard leader,
3
,
51
,
64
,
79
,
101
,
136
,
163
,
193
,
219f
,
275
–
76
,
284
,
304
,
312
–
14
,
420
,
442
,
444
,
446
,
586
,
724
; and antiphilosophisme,
89
–
90
,
128
,
302
,
307
,
387
,
616
; assassination of,
334
,
471
–
74
; calls for dictatorship,
164
–
65
,
216
–
17
,
221
,
244
,
250
,
285
,
293
,
370
,
387
,
437
,
541
,
588
; campaign of, against Brissotins,
216
,
242
,
244
–
45
,
274
–
75
,
282
,
294
–
95
,
296
–
97
,
307
,
339
,
343
; campaigns against Enragés,
438
,
469
; complicity of, in “September massacres,”
270
,
272
–
73
,
287
,
444
; directs purge of the “Twenty-Two” (June 1793),
447
–
48
,
514
,
591
; impeachment (April 1793) of,
423
,
426
,
432
–
33
,
436
,
552
; and monarchist stance (1789–91),
164
; pantheonization and depantheonization of,
597
–
98
,
600
–
601
; personality cult surrounding,
432
–
33
,
471
–
74
,
476
,
487
,
494
,
507
,
509
,
532
,
546
,
548
–
49
,
566
,
573
,
582
,
599
,
601
–
2
; and Rousseauist populism,
89
,
94
–
95
,
125
,
128
,
255
,
292
,
307
,
557
,
597
–
98
,
686
; and violent rhetoric,
47
,
129
,
148
,
225
,
270
,
285
,
425
,
436
–
37
,
477
;
L’Ami du peuple
(1789–92),
79
,
89
,
129
,
225
,
244
,
302
,
307
,
311
–
12
,
354
,
358
,
471

Marcandier, Roch (1767–94), revolutionary journalist,
571

Maréchal, Pierre-Sylvain (1750–1803), radical philosophe,
43
,
188
,
483
,
616
,
630
,
632
–
33
,
671
–
72
,
724
; Catéchisme du curé Meslier (1790),
188
; Dictionnaire des Athées anciens et modernes (1800),
157
; Manifeste des Égaux (1796),
672
–
73
,
676
–
77
,
697

Marie Antoinette, queen (reigned 1774–92),
91
,
169
,
229
,
257
–
58
,
296
,
518
,
530
,
724
; Antoinettistes,
135

Marmontel, Jean-François (1723–99), Enlightenment writer,
37
,
63
,
386
,
688
,
706

marriage law reform,
13
,
123
–
24
,
127
,
279

“Marseillaise,” anthem,
2
,
253
,
257
,
515
,
572
,
599
,
607

Marseille (Bouches-du-Rhône department),
11
,
148
,
261
,
305
–
6
,
314
,
392
,
432
,
451
,
605
,
607
,
628
; and churches,
486
,
501
; and Jacobin Club,
169
,
220
,
254
,
287
,
435
; Marseillais fédérés in Paris,
134
,
230
,
256
–
57
,
268
; sections of,
104
,
261
,
353
,
433
–
35
; and the Terror,
513
,
525
,
585
; and theaters,
211
; and
tribunal populaire
,
435
,
451
; and working poor,
220
–
21
,
353
,
433
–
34
,
441

Martinique (under British occupation 1794–1802),
401
,
403
–
6
,
410
–
11
,
413
,
623

Marx, Karl: Marxism,
678

Marxist interpretations of the French Revolution,
6
,
9
,
28